Frame Rate Conversion

Definition

Frame Rate Conversion is the process of changing the frame rate of a video from one rate to another — for example, converting 24fps (cinema) footage to 25fps (PAL broadcast) or 29.97fps (NTSC broadcast). Frame rate conversion can be achieved by various methods, including "pull-up" and "pull-down" (slightly speeding up or slowing down the footage), frame blending (creating new frames by blending adjacent frames), or motion interpolation (using algorithms to generate new frames based on the motion in the surrounding frames). Frame rate conversion can affect the motion quality and the audio pitch of the converted material.

Contextual Usage

The post-production supervisor flags a delivery issue: "The European broadcaster requires the program to be delivered at 25fps, but we edited it at 24fps. We need to do a frame rate conversion. I'm going to use a standards conversion service to do a proper motion-compensated conversion rather than just doing a simple pull-up, which would affect the audio pitch and the motion quality."